Health Care Reform 2010 Health And Social Care Essay

US health care system was inefficient despite of disbursement 15 % of GDP during 2006 which was more than three times than in 1960. Ten old ages back, the wellness attention system of USA was announced to be broken and in future it did n't better. Managed attention did non do seeable the fixes promises. The rates of premium are increasing. The annoyance of patients as good physicians flourish. The survey shows that about 45 million people in Americans are still uninsured. In the approaching hereafter, these issues will acquire worse and new challenges will come on the screen. New engineering is doing topographic point and it is doing the things efficient, but the cost of intervention every bit good new trial is higher so before.A Doctors are doing the lives of people lengthy so now more people require the medical intervention so earlier. As the age of babe is increasing so they are demanding the better interventions. Owing to the increased cost, employers will non accept the position quo. Sp they exclude the benefits for new hiring. Others might go forth the concern of insurance concern wholly and will lend merely to cover the costs but will non give coverage by themselves. The figure of uninsured people in America will increase because of these alterations. Disenfranchised middleA category will lift in consequences of these alterations. Employers will travel for and prefer this alteration. The wellness attention system of American splits the population into two groups foremost is insiders and 2nd is foreigners. Insiders are those who are insured and they have good insurance so they get everything modern. No affair hoe expensive the medical specialty and intervention is. Foreigners are those who have hapless insurance program or nil at all. They receive really small out of their insurance programs. About 47 million Americans are uninsured and the figure is turning twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours. Insurance companies presently deny covering people with preexistent conditions. Peoples who have terrible medical conditions like AIDS, malignant neoplastic disease and other such diseases were non covered by the insurance companies. These people are at bad and that ‘s why non covered by companies. Major employers are cutting their costs in healthcare disbursement to vie in the planetary challenging market.[ 2 ]Employers are denying paying insurance premiums to these workers due to high premiums and the current economic state of affairss. Employers are switching the economic load towards the employees like deductibles and co-pays. Almost half of the belly-up people are due to the high medical costs and this cost is straight or indirectly affects the economic system. Hence, authorities has to pay more. One more job in the current system that physicians are non paid harmonizing to their service quality. Doctors are paid really less as compared to other states of Earth like in Uni ted Kingdom, physicians are paid for 95 % while in US merely 30 % . Lot of people even did non travel to sophisticate due to high costs of trials, intervention or followup after the intervention. These higher costs associated with health care besides stopped Americans sing physician on a regular basis for medical examination. Besides physicians do non cognize the history of patients due to non sing them on a regular basis. Americans besides have high ratio of chronic diseases. This is besides leads to more disbursement on health care and its handiness to hapless people. United States is the lone state among the developed states whose all citizens do non hold entree to its citizens except South Africa[ 3 ]. Medicare and Medicaid are two of authorities plans which provide medical every bit good as wellness related services to the specific group of people in USA. Both of them are different but are managed by the centres of Medicare and Medicaid which is a division of US Department of Health and Human Services. Medicaid is a plan which includes agencies tested wellness and medical services for specific persons and households who have low income and limited resources. It is chiefly looked after at federal degree, but each stat develops its ain criterions like eligibility criterions ; determines the sum, type, period and range of the services ; puting the rate of payment for services ; administers its ain Medicaid plans. As mentioned above that States is the concluding determination authorization of planning of service which will be provided under their Medicaid plan. But there are some necessary demands which must be matched by the States to have support from Federal. Following are the compulsory services: Impatient and Outpatient infirmary services Prenatal attention Children Vaccines Service of Physician Facility of Nursing services for persons aged 21 or older Servicess of Family be aftering with supplies Rural wellness clinic services Home wellness attention for individuals eligible for skilled-nursing services Lab and X ray services Pediatric and household nurse practician services Nurse-midwife services Federally qualified health-center ( FQHC ) services and ambulatory services Early on and periodic showing, diagnostic, and intervention ( EPSDT ) services for kids under age 21 Besides the above, the provinces can add more 34 optional approved services and can have the Federal matching support. Although each province has the authorization to put the eligibility standard for acquiring the Medicaid services but fundamentally the plan has been started to assist the people with low income. Other demands may include age, gestation, disablement, other assets and citizenship. Medicaid does non pay money to the persons. Medicaid plan plants like a plan provide intervention to the persons and gives payment to the wellness attention suppliers. State makes the payment while provinces receive reimbursement from Federal Government. Medicare is a Federal wellness plan of insurance. It pays for aged and certain handicapped Americans to infirmaries and medical attention. The plan is divided into 4 parts: Separate A, B, C and D. But two chief parts for infirmaries and medical insurance are Part A & A ; B. Separate A may be known as Hospitals Insurance, pays for the infirmary corsets and it includes repasts, supplies, semi private suites and proving. It besides pays for place wellness attention. Part B which is known as Supplementary Medical Insurance. It pays for doctors visits, place wellness attention costs, outpatient infirmaries, and other services for aged and disabled. It covers lasting medical equipments, certain inoculations, blood transfusion, lab and diagnosing trials, X raies, chemotherapy, hormonal trials and spectacless. Part B requires a certain premium which caries each twelvemonth. Part C is besides known as Medical Advantage Plan because it allows the users to plan a usage program that can be more helpful and align to the demands of their medical demands. Part D includes the prescription drug program. It is administered by one of many private insurance companies. Eligibility for Medicare requires a US citizen or uninterrupted 5 old ages legal occupant of US must be at least 65 old ages old or under 65 and disables or any age individual with End Stage Renal Disease. Payroll revenue enhancements which are collected through Federal Insurance Contributions Act and Self Employment Contributions Act are the major elements of support for Medicare. US health care reforms measure 2010 will be $ 940 billion over the period of 10 old ages.[ 4 ]This measure will cover 32 million American people who are uninsured. Health Insurance can be purchased through state-based exchanges and fiscal subsidy will be offered to the income below 133 per centum and 400 per centum of poorness degree in US. Tax relaxations will be offered to the little concern to buy employee insurances. Peoples who are availing subsidies will non be eligible for Medicare, Medicaid and besides for employer covered insurance. New revenue enhancement will be imposed in 2012 at rate of 3.8 per centum on income of households doing over $ 250,000 per twelvemonth. Insurance reforms will be introduced and insurance companies wo n't deny to the people and kids with preexistent conditions. Medicaid will spread out to include 133 per centum of the poorness degree in United States. In 2014, everyone must buy a insurance or face the one-year mulct fees. Employers who have more t han 50 employees must supply insurance to their employees or face a mulct on the footing of per worker. Illegal immigrants can non avail insurance even if they pay their ain money. Abortion insurance will be paid by private money and it will non be subsidized by federal or revenue enhancement remunerator financess. Republican offered an alternate plan on the footing of four common-sense reforms which can be afforded by people of US named as Common-sense health care reform. It includes that all concerns and households can purchase insurance across US. The 2nd point is that persons, little concerns and trade associations can get insurances at lower costs by combine attempts. It besides allows provinces to take down costs by making advanced reforms. The last reform is to complete the cases which must be obeyed by physicians because of acquiring sued by Police. This will stop the high cost trials and other processs which are really non required by the patients.

A Study on the Barriers of Women in IT and Banking in the UK, And Their Perceptions on Glass Ceiling

The following is an exploratory research based on the issue of women facing barriers to promotion and growth in the information technology and the banking sectors of the UK economy. The research highlights the various issues faced by women managers and employees in these segments and how the concept of discrimination still exist despite anti discriminatory laws for the workplace.Moreover the concept of the glass ceiling is also observed, as to how it limits the growth of women in the information technology, banking and financial sectors in the region of United Kingdom. While the research is comprehensive in nature, it is limited in terms of its results only to the United Kingdom.Literature Review â€Å"While, statistically, figures show an increase in women's representation in the Science, Engineering and Technology domain, academic research is yet to explore in greater depth both the reasons for women's continuing under-representation at senior levels and their work experiences.â⠂¬  (Wilson-Kovacs, Ryan & Haslam, 2006) Equality between women and men in the workplace is a hot topic all around the world.However UK has been facing issues operating to glass ceiling and women’s barriers in the workplace more than their counterparts in America. Glass ceiling is the term used to describe a scenario where equally qualified and participating men are seen to be promoted and receiving a higher salary and benefits than their female counter parts at the same position.The glass ceiling is based on the attitude bias of the community and the people employed in the workplace that creates barriers for women and minority groups to achieve positions of leadership.â€Å"In August 2006 Forbes reported that 70% of women and 57% of men believe an invisible barrier — a glass ceiling — prevents women from getting ahead in business, according to a study of 1,200 executives in eight countries, including the U.S., Australia, Austria and the Philippines were the f indings of a study conducted by Accenture.† (‘Women Still Face Glass Ceiling’, 2008)With the changing times and melding cultures, women of all ethnicities and diverse regions that are present in the UK are seeking positions of employment in professional services. This combined with the fact that they have gained extensive education in specializing fields has enabled them to enter the labor market as highly skilled professionals.However despite the investment in their careers the women are not able to achieve positions that their counterparts are achieving in a specific time frame along with the same qualifications and experience. Specific to the legal, financial and baking related firms, the transition of a female employee into a partner is sex biases, undertaken mostly under pressure or durance on part of the board.The females as a result are also plagued by problems pertaining to maintaining a falsified image and living up to expectation of the men. â€Å"the p resence of a self-managed career advancement process necessitating a proactive approach to demonstrating individual contribution; and the need to ‘fit’ a prevailing model of success within the firm which is a masculine model and is more problematic for women.† (Kumra, & Vinnicombe, 2008)Aside from this the discrepancies for jobs and the barriers into employment in the UK are more prominent for ethnic women as compared to the white women. This is mostly because of the fact that the employers have a higher degree of discrimination for the way the ethnic women dress in the workplace.Moreover while asking an applicant about their plans for establishing a life, getting married and having children are considered discriminatory by the British Law, these questions are still persistently an repeatedly been asked off black, and Asian women seeking employment in the UK.â€Å"Research by the Equal Opportunities Commission (EOC) has revealed that Pakistani and Bangladeshi wom en aged under 35 are between three and four times more likely to be unemployed than their white counterparts, while black Caribbean females are twice as likely to be out of work.† (‘Ethnic minority women face employment barriers’, 2005)

Empathy in Nursing

Good communication between the client and the health care worker is a vital theory within a health care setting. To have an effective communication with a patient, a nurse needs to be empathetic and a good listener. Empathy is the ability to understand and share patient’s emotion or state of mind. Showing interest, attention and devotion towards patient will enhance a strong, healthy and supportive bond with the patient.According to the Webster’s dictionary, empathy is defined as â€Å"the projection of one’s own personality into the personality of another in order to understand the person better; ability to share in another’s emotions, thoughts, feelings† (Moore 2006, p 16). Empathy is usually considered as the capability to put oneself in a situation to understand the emotions, feelings of other people.Nowadays, empathy is considered as an effective skill for communication that is useful for both the health care worker and the client (Ioannidou & Konstantikaki 2008, p 118). The health care worker can collect related information and data from a client without any difficulty by using empathy as a communication tool. A no of patients visit hospitals or health care settings with different needs and expectations having different problems. Some clients are extremely hard to control. You can read also Coronary Artery Disease Nursing Care PlanAn empathetic understanding is necessary while dealing with such patients. Therefore, approaching empathetically can maintain the interpersonal relationship between the health care worker and client as well as improve the effectiveness of treatment (Davis 2009, p 76). It is important that the health care workers should feel what the patients or clients are going through providing comfort and reassuring of their lives. Empathy is a way of telling them they are not alone. It reduces their fear thus bringing hope and confidence.Keen (2006, p †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ) states that memory, knowledge, knowledge and being able to feel other’s perception plays important part in empathy. The initial step in developing clinical empathy is to actively listen to the patient ( Davis 2009, p 77). In a therapeutic relationship, a health care worker can understand problems of a patient by listening carefully to their verbal and emotion al behaviours (Kliszcz et al. 2006). The responsibility of health care provider is to avoid any physical and mental factors that istracts the interaction between the patient and them. They should pay attention while the client is giving his or her information. The following step for empathy is to understand, recognize and sensitive obligation of feelings of another person. The health care worker should show the patient what they understand and make realize the support is provided to them. Demonstrating empathy helps to decrease the feeling of insulated for their disease to the client which is intensely therapeutic.

LEGAL ISSUES FOR MANAGERS - Ethics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

LEGAL ISSUES FOR MANAGERS - Ethics - Assignment Example The manager also would be exercising breach of code as stated in clause 4 relating to the company’s competition and fair dealing As relates to Beal’s concerns, the parties involved are; the manager of the accounting department who is aware of the discrepancies in the accounts created in the accounting department and those presented to the board of directors. A few of the accountants are spending the company’s property and working time in running of their own businesses. The manager is aware that someone is responsible for breaching clause 6 of the code. Furthermore, such records amounts up to $100million fraud through overvaluing of assets could most likely lead to harsh disciplinary action like loss of employment or even criminal prosecution. The accountants on the other hand, are not only using the company’s time to conduct their own private businesses; but they also using the company’s assets as well. The accounts are in breach of almost all sub-clauses of clause 5. For instance, they use their business time for their own private work. In addition, as relates to clause 3, the ac countants are engaged in using the company’s computers. The Japanese company, which a major supplier extending an invitation to Linda Plant, the RH purchaser and her husband for a two-day trip to Sydney and Rolling stone’s band concert in Australia. This would mean a breach of sub-clause 5.3 of the conflict of interest clause. That is, Linda Plant as a purchaser was not to be involved in any form of acceptance (recipient) of gifts from a supplier; which would act towards the interests of the Japanese company benefiting; if Linda would be involved direct or indirectly in the purchase. In addition, any money or services extended to an employee, family member or to any company RH is involved in a transaction with is not

Tort law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Tort law - Essay Example Thus, this essay will support the notion that corrective justice and providing compensation should be priorities of the law rather than raising protection for public authorities. In considering these issues, one should consider some cases that have clarified these arguments. Firstly: the case of Smith v Ministry of Defense, which deals with claims brought against the Ministry of Defense on the basis of negligence for failing to protect the soldiers involved in a friendly fire by failing to provide them with safe vehicles and equipment for patrolling. The allegations also involved the alleged breach of Article 2 of the ECHR that gives the right to protection of human life. On the other hand, the defendants claimed that they should not be held liable for the incidents that occurred based on the concept of â€Å"combat immunity† which encompasses that â€Å"There is no common law liability for negligence in respect of acts or omissions which occur during combat operations against the enemy and there is no duty to establish a safe system of work during such operations, whether those issues are analyzed from the perspective of combat immunity or under the fair, just and reasonable test. The principle of combat immunity exists because the court cannot realistically or reasonably be required to resolve whether injuries suffered by soldiers could have been avoided by different tactics and if so how to apportion blame.† Nonetheless, the Supreme Court did not agree with the defendants’ arguments and found that the negligence that occurred in this case fell outside the scope of combat immunity. Thus, it was held that it was â€Å"fair, just, and reasonable`’ for the Ministry of Defense to be held liable for such acts of negligence. The ministry of Defense failed on their part to give the soldiers the needed training and equipments and so breached their duty of care against article 2 ECHR1. The soldiers are employees who

Zappos Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Zappos - Term Paper Example During the period of past 9 years, the brand has greatly evolved to new heights. The objective of the company is essentially to provide the customers’ with best services online not only shoes as the product but also in other categories. The vision of the company reflects that out of total sales, 30 percent of retails trade will be made through online. Furthermore, the company’s vision also replicates that best services will be offered to the end customers’. The company deals in the sales of clothing and shoes through online. Its primary revenue is gained from the sales of shoes that contribute around 80 percent of the entire business. On analyzing the company background, it can be observed that Zappos is sells around 50,000 varieties of shoes within the market. The company believes in the ‘loyalty business model’ along with ‘relationship marketing’. The vital reason behind the acceleration of the company’s growth can be considered as its repeat customers. Moreover, the company has not invested much in the advertising aspect; in-fact the word-of mouth has ensured extensive growth and development. It is also famous for its reputation pertaining to customer service. For example, every new employee being hired within the corporate office requires a vigorous training of weeks on customer loyalty. This training is the initial phase and compulsory for all the employees before they enter into the actual workplace (Zappos, 2013). Four Problems Being Faced By Zappos Every organization in the present business environment faces an assortment of challenges. It has been recognized that an organization trading through online website faces certain viable challenges as compared to traditional ‘Brick-and-Mortar’ organizations. The persistent risk of online organization is hacking of the information. Zappos being an online company also faced the problem of hacking. It has been ascertained from a news report that t he hackers got hold of around 24 million of customers’ personal information. This has created an immense problem for the company. In relation to hacking, the customers’ of the company have filed a suit against it. The management of Zappos wanted the matter to get into settlement pertaining to the terms of service. However, the court overruled the petition and the company was asked to present in the court for trial session (Thomas, 2012). Another major problem faced by the company that it needs to overcome is recognized to be the traditional one way thinking. According to the company CEO Tony Hsieh, the organizational culture tops the priority list than customer service. For any organization to sustain, both the aforementioned requirements are necessary. Only focusing on effective organizational culture without rendering proper customer service might lead to adverse intricacies. Organizational culture and customer satisfaction facilitate to establish a concurrent relati onship (Edwards, 2012). In keeping with Zappos, another problem relates with ordering shipment. It has been recognized that the intense security check of Zappos also creates numerous problems for the customers pertaining to shipment. Problem pertaining to the order shipment has significantly affected the customer base of the company. The hurdle in the continuous and steady flow of cash within the company is another problem that has taken place within the problems’ purview. Technologies being applied within the company are not that effective in tracking the customers’ security alert and receive instant cash against the services being paid (Hsieh, 2010). Action Plan for Zappos In order to mitigate the problems being faced by the comp

Applied Safety Engineering Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Applied Safety Engineering - Assignment Example a) Each employee must be provided fall protection by the employer on a scaffold that is greater than 10 feet elevation from the lower level. A qualified individual has to determine the possibility and safety giving fall protection for the workforce that is erecting or taking to pieces the supported scaffold. b) The toprail must be in between 38 and 45 inches (0.9- 1.2 meters). Midrail should be close enough to the halfway point between toprail and platform surface. Whenever a crosspoint of crossbracing is utilized as midrail, it has to be region of 20-30 inches (0.5-0.8 meters) on top of the work platform. d) Scaffold and its components should at least withstand a load that is 4 times the load that it was actually designed for. Suspension rigging of the scaffold should be at minimum 6 times the designed load. e) Prior to each and every work shift and following any situation that has the ability of compromising the structural integrity, a qualified individual has to examine the scaffold and the elements of the scaffold so as to check for any noticeable defects. h) An engineer is required to design scaffold that are not stationary at the time the workforce is working on them and the design of brackets on frames that are fabricated on the scaffold to be used to give support to the cantilever loads plus the workers. i) Access must be provided whenever the platform is greater than 2 feet above or lower than the point of access. Access that is direct is allowed in a situation that the scaffold is less than 14 inches horizontally and lesser than 24

Collective bargaining report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Collective bargaining report - Assignment Example It is worthy noting that, collective bargaining is a recognized approach of creating a system of industrial jurisprudence. It acts as a method of introducing civil rights in the industry. It is vital to note that, this procedure enhances management by rules and diminishes management characterized by arbitrary decision-making. More over, collective bargaining is a proven procedure that aid in the establishment of regulations, which define and restrict the traditional authority exercised by the management. There are numerous benefits attributed to collective bargaining process2. They include chances of increasing the strength of the employees consequently their bargaining capacity as a team. On the same note, this study establishes that, collective bargaining increases the self-esteem and productivity of the workforce3. Furthermore, it restrains management’s freedom for arbitrary and unilateral actions against the employees. In addition, collective bargaining has played a fundam ental role in ensuring that, fair settlement of the workers’ grievances is secured. This is possible through the provision of a flexible approach for the adjustment of wages and employment conditions to economic and technological changes in the business. This is owing to the reduced chances for conflicts4. On the side of the employers, collective bargaining aid in easier resolving of issues at the bargaining point rather than taking up complaints of individual employees. In addition, collective bargaining widens the channel of communication amid the employees and thereby reducing the cost of labour turnover to management consequently increases employee involvement in decision-making. Furthermore, collective bargaining is fundamental in resolving industrial disputes. Besides benefits of collective bargaining towards both the employee and the employer, this study examines the gains of collective bargaining attributed to the society. The society gains in terms of industrial peac e stability in the country. More over, it facilitates the establishment of a harmonious industrial climate that aid the country to grow economically and socially. Another significant benefit credited to collective bargaining to the society involves constant check of worker’s exploitation and discrimination. The process of negotiation and substance bargaining is complex since it entails numerous stages, which sometimes remain derailed due to disagreements and conditions. Evaluation and selection strategy A negotiation process starts with evaluation and selection of a strategy, which is intended to guide the problem solving5. This normally involves diverse approaches or procedures of mediation or arbitration. Making contact with other parties The second stage involves making contact with the other party or parties this stage enhances building of personal credibility and promoting commitment tot he procedures set. Collection and analysis of background information The third stage involves the collection and analyzing the background information. The relevant information collected is fundamental in understanding the dynamism exhibited by the participants. In addition, it enhances verification of the data accuracy and minimizes unavailable data. Designing of the negotiation plan The fourth stage involves designing of a detailed plan for negotiation. This

Technology Infrastructure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Technology Infrastructure - Essay Example An IP address; however, can be assigned either statically (permanent) or dynamically (temporary). In the given router scenario configuration, there are two IP addresses from two different classes i.e. 70.115.23.137 of class A (on Internet Port) and 192.168.1.1 of class C (on LAN Port). The two are different as like MAC Addresses (above). Commonly, a router owns two separate IP addresses one for the local network (LAN) and other one for accessing public network (WAN). After reviewing the given scenario, the DHCP service is turned off which means that IP addresses would not assigned dynamically to the devices within the LAN structure. Each networking device in the scenario should be assigned a unique (static) IP address within the range of given IP i.e. 192.168.1.1. As mentioned above that this is a â€Å"class C† address, and can support up-to 254 hosts. As 192.168.1.1 is configured on the router’s LAN port, broadcast address for this range is 192.168.1.255; useable range of IP addresses is 192.168.1.2- 192.168.1.254. IP address of the router’s LAN port is 192.168.1.1; thus the default gateway address for every device in the LAN shall be configured as 192.168.1.1. Configured device would identify router as the â€Å"door† pointing out of the local network (LAN) towards the public network (WAN). The subnet mask of router is configured to 255.255.255.0 which also categorized as the network segment for the given scenario, so the subnet mask of the IP address assigned to the device should also be set 255.255.255.0, as device is configured to appear in the network segment. It is a system of accessing document through internet by applying standard protocols. In another words it is a transparent, easy to use, user interface for accessing internet servers regardless of knowing actual position of that server. It is a mechanism that links the hostname with the corresponding IP address over web (Blank, 2004, p. 174-175). In other words in is

Dream of equal schooling Essay Example for Free

Dream of equal schooling Essay Mr. Borsuk also found that with the exception of the element of religion in the voucher schools—an issue many feel is a violation of the separation of church and state â€Å"it’s the same story that’s being played out in urban classrooms across America—a story of poverty, limited resources, poor leadership and broken families. † (2006). Based on firsthand experience observations garnered from visiting each and every voucher school that would allow it, Borsuk concluded that at least ten of the 106 schools visited appeared to â€Å"lack the ability, resources, knowledge or will to offer children even a mediocre education†¦. most of these were led by individuals who had little to no background in running schools and no resources other than state payments. † (Borsuk 2006). Nine of the voucher schools would not allow the reporters to observe their work, making one wonder why the secrecy? Like everything on earth, some bad must come along with the good. Alex’s Academics of Excellence happened to be a school begun by a convicted rapist, and kept on enrolling students even after allegations of drug use by staff on school grounds and a DA’s investigation. Thankfully, Alex’s, along with three others have closed—as a result of outside intervention, not due to parental outcry. Conservatives have focused on the undeniable problems in our public school systems as a reason for the voucher system. They say that the voucher system gives â€Å"choice† to parents and students, but in reality they are more interested in privatizing the schools, effectively removing them from â€Å"public oversight and responsibility. † (Special Voucher 2000). The alternative to the voucher system would be to â€Å"invest in our public schools, not abandon them,† according to the more liberal stance. Our society knows how to teach children, it just tends to do that job in unequal measures. Many times a disproportionate amount of money is spent on the already privileged children rather than on the low income areas. Perhaps the largest distinguishing factor in voucher schools comes down to religion. Many of the students in the voucher program schools pray together in class, read the Bible, the Torah, or attend Mass. Even parents who are not particularly religious feel their children will get a better education and learn moral values when placed in a parochial school. While the religious aspect is a sticking point for those who advocate the separation of church and state, the religious schools are the fastest growing area of voucher schools, and many parents who were interviewed felt their children were receiving a much better education in a parochial school than they did in public schools. Martin Carnoy, a Stanford University professor has been critical of the voucher system, pointing to the fact that other states are not participating. â€Å"No other places jumped on the bandwagon, and I think the reason is they don’t see anything spectacular and terrific happening. Basically, they can live without it. † (Borsuk 2006). It is felt in many sectors that the voucher program has been a huge drain on resources, taking away money and attention from the some 85,000 students who still attend regular MPS schools. These students are effectively losing out so that others can attend private schools. (Borsuk 2006). How do other states feel about the voucher system? The Florida State Supreme Court ruled on January 5, 2006 that Governor Jeb Bush’s pilot voucher program was illegal because it â€Å"violates the provision in the state constitution that prohibits using taxpayer money to finance a private alternative to the public education system. † (OnWEAC 2006). The decision was 5-2 and the court stated that the voucher school program hurt public education because it diverted public dollars into private systems. Voucher schools are being rejected at a national level as in November, 2005, a group of 23 House Republican’s â€Å"bucked its party’s leaders and defeated an effort to include a private school voucher plan in the House budget reconciliation bill. † (OnWEAC 2006). The question remains: What is the future of the Wisconsin Voucher system? From September, 2005 to January, 2006, the number of low income students attending voucher schools dropped sharply, a decline of nearly 1500 students. This could be due to the fact that three voucher schools were closed because they did not meet minimum standards, or perhaps the reasons are more far-reaching. (School Choice 2006). The Laws have recently expanded the eligibility of voucher recipients, now allowing students who are in schools that have ranked in the â€Å"academic emergency† or â€Å"academic watch† category for the past three years to receive vouchers. (School Choice 2006) The Maine Supreme Judicial Court recently upheld a very controversial state law that prohibits students from using publicly funded vouchers for religious schools. Justice Donald Alexander wrote that the â€Å"state is not compelled to pay for religious education; even though the U. S. Supreme Court has ruled that these programs are constitutionally permissible. † (School Choice 2006). Although this was a Maine case, the issue may soon arise in Wisconsin as well. Wisconsin has done its best and tried many alternatives, gone down many roads to improve the education of their children. Nobody can fault them for this, however it is clear that it is still far from a level playing field, and that more reforms are in order, more programs that guarantee each child a quality education. References: Borsuk, Alan J. (January 3, 2004). Dream of equal schooling is unrealized. Accessed on May 3, 2006 from: http://www.jsonline.com

Importance of Physical Activity Essay

Importance of Physical Activity Essay Introduction Physical activity is an important determinant of health. Its fundamental role in energy balance and weight control and in decreasing the risks of coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, colon cancer, breast cancer, and depression is widely known. But in this fast paced life, people hardly incorporate physical activity in their daily routine. Non communicable diseases have, as a result been on the rise across the world. Even Mauritius have not been spared from this growing concern on diseases. Undeniably, compared to the past, the health of Mauritians has bettered given that now more facilities are available to combat once mortal diseases. Lifespan has increased as a result and the trend is there are more people as from 65 years old with the balance tipping in favour of the female population. The main problem that Mauritius faces nowadays is in terms of non communicable diseases. The new life trend now leads to other complications like diabetes, hypertension, kidney failure, heart problems, smoke and alcohol related problems. Literature review Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure.(WHO,2013) Regular moderate intensity physical activity is beneficial to health. For instance, it can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, colon and breast cancer, and depression. Other benefits include low risk of hip and vertebral fracture and weight control. Types of Physical Activity Aerobic, muscle-strengthening, bone-strengthening, and stretching are the four main types of physical activity. Aerobic Activity Aerobic activity benefits the heart and lungs. Large muscles, such as those in your arms and legs are used the most. Running, swimming, walking, biking, dancing, and doing jumping jacks are examples of aerobic activity. Aerobic activity also is also known as endurance activity. Aerobic activity increases heart rate. The person also breathes harder during this type of activity. Over time, regular aerobic activity makes the heart and lungs stronger and able to work better. Muscle-strengthening activity Muscle-strengthening activities improve the strength, power, and endurance of muscles. Performing pushups and situps, lifting weights, climbing stairs, and digging in the garden are examples of muscle-strengthening activities. During bone-strengthening activities, muscles push against the bones as the feet, legs, or arms support the bodys weight. This helps to strengthen the bones. Running, walking, jumping rope, and lifting weights are examples of bone-strengthening activities. Muscle-strengthening and bone-strengthening activities also can be aerobic if they make the heart and lungs work harder than usual. For example, running is both an aerobic and a bone-strengthening activity. Stretching improves flexibility and ability to fully move the joints. Touching one’s toes, doing side stretches and yoga exercises are examples of stretching. (AHA,2013) Levels of Intensity in Aerobic Activity Aerobic activity can be performed with light, moderate, or vigorous intensity. Moderate- and vigorous-intensity aerobic activity is better for the heart than light-intensity activity. However, even light-intensity activity is better than no activity at all. The level of intensity depends on how hard you have to work to do the activity. People who are less fit usually have to work harder to do an activity than people who are more fit. Therefore, what is light-intensity activity for one person may be moderate-intensity for another. Light- and Moderate-Intensity Activities Light-intensity activities are common daily tasks that do not require much effort. Moderate-intensity activities make the heart, lungs, and muscles work harder than usual. On a scale of 0 to 10, moderate-intensity activity is given a score of 5 or 6. It causes noticeable increases in breathing and heart rate. Vigorous-Intensity Activities On a scale of 0 to 10, vigorous-intensity activity is a 7 or 8. A person doing vigorous-intensity activity cant say more than a few words without stopping for a breath. Examples of Aerobic Activities Below are examples of aerobic activities. Depending on your level of fitness, they can be light, moderate, or vigorous in intensity: Gardening, such as digging or hoeing that causes your heart rate to go up Walking, hiking, jogging, and running Water aerobics or swimming laps Biking, skateboarding, rollerblading, and jumping rope Ballroom dancing and aerobic dancing Tennis, soccer, hockey, and basketball In the present era, many technological advances and conveniences have made our life easier and less active. But there are other factors that affect participation in physical exercise. For instance, transportation, social capital, and time barriers independently contribute to low levels of physical activity. (Zlot et al., 2006). Physical activity is highly recommended among adults and those aged 18–64 years old should do at least 150 minutes of moderately intense physical activity throughout the week or at least 75 minutes of vigorous- activity throughout the week or an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous activity.(WHO,2013). Unfortunately, according to the Mauritius non-communicable diseases survey 2009, only 16.5% of Mauritians (10.9% of women and 23.2%of men) undertook sufficient vigorous or moderate physical activity to meet national guidelines, that is, 150 minutes of activity per week. 56% (65.8% of women and 45.7% of men) reported doing no moderate or vigorous leisure time physical activity at all. In line with the NCD survey 2009, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes aged 20-74 years was 21.3%: 21.9% in men and 20.6% in women in Mauritius. The prevalence of hypertension was 37.9%: 35.4% for women and 40.5% for men. The age and gender standardised prevalence of obesity was 16.0%: 11.3% in men and 20.5% in women (Mauritian adult population aged 25 -74 years). Comparing those results with the NCD 2004, the preliminary results of the 2004 NCD Survey indicate that the age-standardised prevalence of diabetes in the Mauritian population aged 20-74 years was 15.0% (15.0% among male, 15.1% among female). The prevalence of hypertension in 2004 in participants aged 20-74 years (standardized on the Census year 2000 population) was 24.2% in males, 22.8% in females and 23.1% in both sexes. In 2004, the age-standardised prevalence of obesity in adults aged 20-74 years was 5.6% among males and 13.7% among females, giving an overall prevalence of 10.3%. On one side, adults do not perform enough physical activity, on the other side, type 2 diabetes; hypertension and obesity are on the rise in Mauritius. Importance of physical activity Benefits of physical activity are widely recognised. Physical activity improves the cardiovascular and respiratory system On a regular basis, moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity strengthens the heart muscle. The hearts ability to pump blood to lungs and throughout your body is improved. oxygen levels in your blood rise as more blood flows to your muscles. Capillaries also widen. This allows them to deliver more oxygen to your body and carry away waste products. Physical Activity Reduces Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors(CHD) On a regular basis, moderate- and vigorous-intensity aerobic activity can lower risk for CHD. CHD is a condition in which plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries. These arteries supply heart muscle with oxygen-rich blood. Plaque narrows the arteries and decreases blood flow to heart muscle. Eventually, an area of plaque can rupture . A blood clot can form on the surface of the plaque. As the clot becomes large enough, it can mostly or completely block blood flow through a coronary artery. A heart attack can result. Certain traits, conditions, or habits may increase the risk for CHD. Physical activity can help control some of these risk factors because it: Can decrease blood pressure and triglyceride levels Can raise HDL cholesterol levels. Maintain blood glucose and insulin levels, which lowers your risk for type 2 diabetes. Decreases levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). This protein is a sign of inflammation. High levels of CRP may suggest an increased risk for CHD. Helps reduce overweight and obesity when combined with a reduced-calorie diet. Physical activity also helps in maintaining a healthy weight over time Can help people to quit smoking. Smoking is a major risk factor for CHD. Inactive people are nearly twice as likely to develop CHD as people who are physically active. According to studies, inactivity is a major risk factor for CHD, just like high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, and smoking. Physical Activity Reduces Heart Attack Risk For people who have CHD, aerobic activity done regularly improves the function of the heart. It also decreases the risk of a second heart attack in people who already have had heart attacks. Vigorous aerobic activity may not be safe for people who have CHD. Physical activity boosts mental wellness Tension, anxiety, depression and anger are relieved by performing physical activity Exercise increases the flow of oxygen which directly affects the brain. Your mental acuity and memory can be improved with physical activity. Physical activity improves physical wellness. Stronger immunity It enhances your immune system and decreases the risk of developing diseases such as cancer and heart disease. Reduced risk factors Becoming more active can lower your blood pressure by as much as 4 to 9 mm Hg. Thats the same reduction in blood pressure delivered by some antihypertensive medications. Physical activity can also boost your levels of good cholesterol. Recommendations of physical activity AHA Recommendation At least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity at least 5 days per week for a total of 150 OR At least 25 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity at least 3 days per week for a total of 75; or a combination of the two AND Moderate to high intensity muscle-strengthening activity at least 2 or more days per week for additional health benefits. Physical inactivity Physical inactivity has been identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality causing an estimated 3.2 million deaths globally Globally, six percent of deaths are attributed to physical inactivity. This follows high blood pressure (13%), tobacco use (9%) and is equal to high blood glucose (6%). Moreover, physical inactivity is the main cause for approximately 21–25% of breast and colon cancers, 27% of diabetes and 30% of ischaemic heart disease burden. (WHO) Physical inactivity Globally, around 31% of adults aged 15 and over were insufficiently active in 2008 (men 28% and women 34%). Approximately 3.2 million deaths each year are attributable to insufficient physical activity. In 2008, prevalence of insufficient physical activity was highest in the WHO Region of the Americas and the Eastern Mediterranean Region. In both these regions, almost 50% of women were insufficiently active, while the prevalence for men was 40% in the Americas and 36% in Eastern Mediterranean. The South East Asian Region showed the lowest percentages (15% for men and 19% for women). In all WHO Regions, men were more active than women, with the biggest difference in prevalence between the two sexes in Eastern Mediterranean. This was also the case in nearly every countrhttp://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet_inactivity/en/y. Physical inactivity and cardiovascular disease The increasing urbanization and mechanization of the world has reduced our levels of physical activity. The World Health Organization believes that more than 60% of the global population is not sufficiently active. If you are physically active you will increase your life span, regardless of any adverse inherited factors. Physical activity, at any age, protects against a multitude of chronic health problems including many forms of cardiovascular disease. Physical activity protects you by regulating your weight and improving your body’s use of insulin. Being active is beneficial for your blood pressure, blood lipid levels, blood glucose levels, blood clotting factors, the health of your blood vessels and inflammation, which is powerful promoter of cardiovascular disease. Studies show that doing more than 150 minutes (2 hours and 30 minutes) of moderate physical activity or an hour of vigorous physical activity every week will reduce your risk of coronary heart disease by about 30%. The consequences of physical inactivity are staggering. More of us are overweight. Adult (and childhood) obesity/overweight level continues to increase: 68% of all Adults are obese or overweight. It is more difficult today to create an active lifestyle. People are less active due to technology and better mass transportation. Sedentary jobs have increased 83% since 1950; Physically active jobs now make up only about 25% of our workforce. That is 50% less than 1950. Our average work week is longer. Americans work 47 hours a week 164 more hours a year than 20 years ago. Extra weight costs us physically and financially. Obesity costs American companies $225.8B per year in health-related productivity losses. The average healthcare cost exceeds $3,000 per person annually. An obese employee costs employer additional $460 to $2,500 in medical costs and sick days per year There are previous studies that have been carried out to assess the views of high school students towards physical activity. In 2010 according to the study carried out by Lovell among non-exercising female students in the United Kingdom, that the greatest perceived benefit from exercise was physical performance followed by the benefits of psychological outlook, preventive health, life enhancement, and then social interaction. The greatest perceived barrier to exercise was physical exertion, which was rated significantly higher than time expenditure, exercise milieu, and family discouragement barriers. Another study was carried by Daskapan in 2006 targetting Turkish university students. Current exercise habits and perceived barriers to physical activity were assessed in the sample. Using a Likert Type scale, participants responded an instrument with 12 items representing barriers to physical activity. Mean scores were computed. External barriers were more important than internal barriers. Lack of time due to busy lesson schedule, My parents give academic success priority over exercise. and lack of time due to responsibilities related to the family and social environment were most cited items for physical activity barriers. In 1999, Allison carried out a study to assess the perceived barriers to physical activity among high school students in Metropolitan school in Toronto. Results showed that time constraints due to school work, other interests, and family activities were three of the four barriers considered most important. Female students had more perceived barriers than the male students towards physical activity. Two empirically distinct and theoretically meaningful factors emerged from the analysis—perceived internal barriers and perceived external barriers. Perceived internal barriers were predictive of physical activity in overall activity and outside of school activity. Perceived external barriers were predictive of overall physical activity and other school activity, but in the direction opposite of that hypothesized. It was concluded that perceived barriers may be predictive of physical activity participation among high school students only under specific conditions. Till date, no study has been carried out in Mauritius among the young population. To combat the rise in non-communicable diseases plaguing Mauritius, it is essential to identify the factors that are preventing young adults, especially the future graduates of our country, from adhering to the national guidelines of 150 minutes physical activity per week. On the same wavelength, the aim of this study is to identify the barriers that influence the students in participating in physical exercise. Findings from the current study will help to investigate the students’ motives for physical exercise and the challenges they face in taking part in regular physical exercise. The findings can assist policy makers, to design effective health strategies in promoting physical exercise at the level of the university.

The Classical Hollywood Studio System

The Classical Hollywood Studio System The Hollywood studio era can be traced back to the beginning of sound in film. The first feature film with sound was The Jazz Singer (1927), directed by Alan Crosland based on a play by Samson Raphaelson. In the period of the silent cinema, the cinema itself was considered a technological marvel. But like all technologies, the inventors needed to find ways to sell their products, and seen as a large business potential, nickelodeons, through numerous theatres around America, laid down the basis of the Hollywood cinema. The golden age of Hollywood of course began with the introduction of sound in film and theatre, a big investment for the studios. With the approach of the US Recession in the early 1930s (in fact it was still felt until 1938) the studios looked for financial back-up by Banking Giants, the Wall Street which led to the total control of the studios by bankers and businessmen. Between the 1920s and the late 1940s Hollywood cinema was an oligopoly dominated by the Big Five: Paramount, MGM, Warner Brothers, FOX and RKO which were vertically integrated and also the Little Tree: Universal, Columbia and United Artists. Throughout this period, Hollywood was in a mass mode of production, it was heavily capitalised, it used precision machinery, employing thousands of workers(over 33000 people) and it had a centralised management. The modes of production continuously changed since 1895. There was the cameraman system (1895-1906), in which the film was shot and distributed by cameramen, the Director System (1907-1909), the Director-unit (1909-1914), a Central Producer System (1914-1930), a Producer-Unit System (1930-1945), and Package-Unit System (1945-1955). As the banks and businessmen took over the studios, it was clear that the most important aspect to them was that the films produced needed to be created for economical purposes. The studios began to look like b ig factories with the division of labour on the studio lot with 33000 people in production and over 133000 people in the industry. They had a story department, unit department, an assistant director department, art department, various workshops and wardrobe departments and many more. Paramount Pictures, considered one of the defining studios of the classical era was founded by Adolph Zukor, as an investor, he saw that the films were being enjoyed by the working class people, mainly immigrants. By the 1920s the studio expanded to an industry colossus with theatrical chains of 2000 screens and two production studios. . During the Depression period Paramount went near bankruptcy but in the late 1930s under Barney Balaban, Paramount became one of the biggest and most important of the Big Five. They released over 60 films a year and with the rise of sound in cinema, numerous stars were born: Gary Cooper, Mae West, Marlene Dietrich, Miriam Hopkins, Claudette Colbert, Dorothy Lamour, Carole Lombard, Bing Crosby and the Marx Brothers. Metro-Golden-Mayer was founded in 1924 and by 1940s it was considered the one to dominate the industry. Marcus Loew bought Metro Pictures Corporation in 1916 and Goldwyn Pictures in 1917 and in 1924 he bought Mayer Pictures. The producer Luis B, Mayer was made vice-president and head of studio operations in California, along with Irving Thalberg and Harry Rapf. MGM was considered a producer studio, there films were glamorous and they were considered quality productions. The studio was a star vehicle with names like William Haines , John Gilbert, Norma Shearer , Greta Garbo, and Joan Crawford, but they also had names hired from other studios like: Wallace Beery, Lon Chaney, William Powell and Buster Keaton. In the 1930s new stars were added: Jean Harlow, Robert Montgomery, Clark Gable, Myrna Loy, Nelson Eddy and Jeanette MacDonald. Warner Bros. was the first studio to introduce sound. The Jazz Singer (1927) was the first talking film and began to expand by acquiring large studios in Burbank and several important stars. While MGM was making start stuttering lavishing dramas, and musicals, Paramount made films about decadence, Warners was combining different genres: the gangster movies, backstage musicals and romantic adventure films. The way to identify a Warner Bros. film from other studios way in the way of the production value and a unique visual style (simple sets and low-key lighting) Sets at Warners were customarily bare and workmanlikeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦The scale of a film could be judged by its budget, and in 1932 the average production cost per feature at Warners was estimated at $200,000, lowest of the majors except for Columbia ($175,000): MGM by comparison, averaged $450,000 (Campbell, 1971, p. 2). With the introduction of color, the studio began to flourish. Thorough 1929-1931, Warners, were producing a staggering number of colored films, the majority being musicals. After associating musicals with color, the studio began to abandon it, and instead turned to a more social realistic storyline, the gangster films. Films like: I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang (1932), Little Caesar (1930), The Public Enemy (1931) G-Men (1935), Racket Busters (1938) etc. 20th Century-Fox was created through the merging of Fox Film Corporation and Twentieth Century Pictures. The studios stars did not compare with the likes of MGM, Warner or Paramount, but FOX managed to produce some A-grade films like The Grapes of Wrath (1940) the most expensive adaptation of that time- who won 2 Oscars, Thanks A Million (1935) with stars like: Shirley Temple and Will Rogers. RKO was formed in the beginning of sound in film and the stars working for the studio were: Cary Grant, musical team Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers: In The Gay Divorcee (1934), Top Hat (1934) ETC. The most famous films at RKO were King Kong (1933) and Citizen Kane (1941). With every other Studio being associating with a genre, KRO didnt have any specific genre. The way to understand Hollywoods peculiarity as a mass entertainment industry the dream factory is through the couplet of standardisation/differentiation. The studios can be compared by classical narrative, genre and stars. The cult of the movie star, fostered by the money of the film industry, preserves not the unique aura of the person but the spell of personality, the phony spell of a commodity (Walter Benjamin, The Work of Art in the Age of Technical Reproducibility 1935). According to Benjamin the stars are human beings turned into a commodity, a product that can be sold and reproduced for economic purposes. According to John Ellis a star is A performer in a particular medium whose figure enters into subsidiary forms of circulation and then feeds back into future performances (Ellis, 1982, p. 1). Joan Crawford is the ideal example for a star. I never go out unless I look like Joan Crawford the movie star. If you want to see the girl next door, go next door (Joan Crawford). John Belton suggests that: A stars persona [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] differs from that of an actor. For an actor, the persona provides a primary mask, which disguises the real person underneath. For a star, the persona includes the actors persona as well as the stars persona. (John Belton, 6). The star is a product, an investment. They must have the power to be identified with a particular type of film; many stars will only play in particular genres bearing the same persona: for example thorough the 1930s Joan Crawford was always playing vulnerable roles. By being in the centre of attention, stars always portrayed cinemas ability to show the passing of time (the mortality). Greta Garbo had a successful transition from silent film to sound, and she received an Oscar nomination for Anna Christie (1930), her first talkie. But Garbo wanted to be considered an ageless star. She didnt need to act in front of the camera; her natural looks and presence differentiated her from anyone else. Because she wanted to be seen as a myth, forever remembered as a beautiful and talented ageless star, she quit Hollywood after just 21 years in the business. Almost every Hollywood studio was associated with a specific type of genre; MGM had musicals and dramas, Warner Bros. Had gangster films, Universal had its share of horror films. Although different genres, they fallowed the same classical narrative structure. Problems arose in the beginning of the film and they must be solved in order to restore the balance in the world. To identify a genre we must look at their components. For example a western genre has elements, symbols to identify that world: for ex, there are sheriffs, outlaws and also the wilderness. Different genre requires different types of stars. In Warners gangster films the stars were associated with working class people, the only predominant audience left after the Great Depression. As they watched these movies they were attracted by the attack on the government and Warners profited from it. This may be considered an ideology. All the genres presented an idea, a ritual. All the studios had their own stars, they followed the same modes of production but the difference here is that on economic restraints the production quality of the studios differed from studio to studio. MGM had lavishing productions even with low budgets. A great example is Grand Hotel (1932) with an all star cast and just one massive set. Universal for their horror film used low key lighting, minimal sound and small sets, but the way in which they used low angle shots to mask the cheapness of the sets is impressive. To give a sense of depth to films like Dracula (1931), Universal brought along cinematographer Karl Freud, who worked on Metropolis (1927), to give the film a German expressionist style. As Hitchcock was begging to direct classical Hollywood films like Rebecca (1940), Psycho (1960), Vertigo (1958) etc., and putting his own stamp on them through its in camera editing he did not want control from his producer. During the producer-unit system the films were collaboratively made by different classes of labours, and they didnt have an individual artistic signature. They were controlled by the producer or the producer-director in some cases and not by the director. The strong director imposes his own personality on a film [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦]. The auteur theory values the personality of a director precisely because of the barriers to its expression (The American Cinema (Andrew Sarris, The American Cinema 1968, p31). A director like Alfred Hitchcock produces a rupture or a change in the narrative, so he can put its mark, to make the film individual and personal. The same thing can be said about Orson Welles who produced, directed and starred in his own production Citizen Kane (1941) with ought any constraints from the head office. Casting his own actors, with a closed set and his individualism it came out to be one of the greatest films of all times.

The Prime Minister Of Great Britain :: essays research papers fc

The Prime Minister of Great Britain There are a lot of political issues in Great Britain today. United Kingdom is a large, industrialized democratic society and as such it has to have politics and therefore political issues. One of those issues how should executive branch work and whether the Prime Minister has too much power. Right now in Great Britain there is a great debate on this issue and I am going to examine it in detail. The facts I have used here are from different writings on British politics which are all listed in my bibliography, but the opinions are my own and so are the arguments that I used to support my views. First let me explain the process through which a person becomes a Prime Minister. The PM is selected by the sovereign. He (or she) chooses a man who can command the support of majority of the members of the House of Commons. Such a man is normally the leader of the largest party in the House. Where two are rivals in a three party contest such as those which occurred in the 1920s he is usually selected from the party which wins the greatest number of seats. The Prime Minister is assumed to be the choice of his party and nowadays, so far as he can be ascertained, participation of a monarch is a pure formality. Anyone suggested for this highest political office obviously has to be a very smart and willing individual, in fact it has been suggested that he be an "uncommon man of common opinions"(Douglas V. Verney). Not all Prime Ministers fitted this bill exactly, but every on of them had to pass one important test: day-to-day scrutiny of their motives and behavior by fellow members of Parliament before they were ultimately elected to the leadership of their party. Unlike Presidents of the United States all Prime Ministers have served a long apprenticeship in the legislature and have been ministers in previous Cabinets. Many Presidents of our country have been elected and on many occasions they have never even met some of their future co-workers, such as case of Kissinger and Nixon who have never even met prior to Nixon's appointment. Let's now examine the statutory duties and responsibilities of the Prime Minister. Unlike the United States where the President's duties are specifically written out in the Constitution, the powers of the Prime Minister are almost nowhere spelled out in a statute. Unlike his fellow ministers he does not receive the seals of office: he merely kisses the hands of the monarch like an ambassador.

The Split Brain: Some Thoughts :: Biology Essays Research Papers

The Split Brain: Some Thoughts "Left, right, left, right--the marching song of the two-mind movement. To hear them talk, you'd think that everyone had a second mind, suppressed by the first. That the vocal left brain dominated the poor artistic right brain. Preventing it from getting a creative thought in edgewise. Soon there will be a consciousness raising movement: Stop referring to the left cerebral hemisphere as the "dominant" one. Invent a more egalitarian term like co-chairperson. Co-chairhemisphere?" William H. Calvin, "Left Brain, Right Brain: Science or the New Phrenology." The brain is separated into two hemispheres in your brain, the right and the left. At first glance these hemispheres appear to be mirror images of one another, but on closer observations the two hemispheres have highly specialized regions that serve differing functions (1). In general, the right hemisphere interprets information and controls actions of the left side of the body. The left hemisphere interprets information and controls actions of the right side of the body. A thick band of fiber called the corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres. Evidently if the connection between the hemispheres is severed, a once common practice to relieve epileptic attacks, sensory information cannot pass to the correct region of the brain in order for a corresponding response to be made (2). Thus, your brain is SPLIT...! To me the split brain theory seemed a bizarre notion. Isn't my brain a whole- controlled by the centrally located "little man" who receives my thoughts, processes and multiple functions of my brain? If this is true how could the brain be split into two? Do you have two "yous" then? The split brain effect was first discovered by Roger Sperry and Ronald Meyers in the early 1960s (3). Meyers and Sperry showed that when the cat had its optic chiasm and corpus callosum severed, two independent learning centers were established - one in each hemisphere of the cat's brain. If the cat had its right eye open and its left eye covered and learned to make a simple conditioned response, it was unable to make the same response when the right eye was covered and the left eye was open. It was as if the learning was unable to be communicated to the other side of the brain (2); thus, it was obvious that information available to one side remained off-limits to the other.

Neil Armstrong

One Giant Leap -A hero we shall always remember-Neil Armstrong â€Å"One small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind†. These were the exact words of Neil A. Armstrong as he took mankind’s first step on another planet. Thousands of years have passed ever since man appeared on the face of planet earth, men have evolved, and with every evolution, men have grown smarter, men have created something useful and also achieved higher goals than their ancestors. Many have dreamed of setting foot on another planet out there, but none had the strength to follow their dream, thus it was a quest that no man ever dared venture.All but Armstrong and a few others out there, who had the heart, the dream, and the persistence to follow their dream. Armstrong ‘s legacy is known world-wide, he is considered as a hero in all our hearts, for he achieved the highest goal there could ever be by setting foot on a once alien planet, out of reach of any normal person. Armstrong’s whole dream of becoming an astronaut began at a very young age. At first, it was only an obsession with planes and pilots, like any other child. But in high school, he seemed to have set his own path for his life. All his spare time was used and focused on the subject of air and space.The first plane ride his father took with him seemed to have locked his heart on the idea of being a pilot, of devoting his life to the world of air and space. It sealed his ambition to pursue a life dedicated to air and space. After Armstrong went to University of Purdue, in his fourth year, the summons for him to begin his journey came. He was to be transferred to the Naval Air Station in Pensacola, California, to be fighter pilot. Therefore this was Neil Armstrong’s call to adventure, which leads to all his achievements later on whether for himself or for man-kind.After studying for a few years at the Air Station, Armstrong became a military qualified fighter pilot. He was sent to participate in the Korean War as a fighter pilot. His base was the aircraft carrier, ‘The Essex’. The War proved as a road of trials for Armstrong. During one of his bombing missions, he was hit by anti-aircraft fire. His plane was badly damaged with no chance of repair. Armstrong’s only way out was to eject, but that was another problem. The plane was far below the required height for a pilot to safely eject. In order to save himself and also not fall into enemy hands, everal things had to be done in the little time he had left. First of all, Armstrong had to pull the plane up to a safe height for him to safely eject, also, he had to control the plane to keep a continuous flight until he was out of enemy territory, for even if he ejected within enemy boundaries, he would still be caught and kept as prisoner. Several obstacles stood in his way, one was that his plane was badly damaged, including both engine thrusters; secondly, his speedometer and all the other gadgets on t he plane had all been disabled and lastly, his fuel tank was struck and was leaking oil.Any of these disastrous setbacks could cause certain deaths to any pilot, yet not for Armstrong. He did not panic at all; he simply switched to manual control and tried his best to bring the plane to a safer height. It was not that Armstrong was not afraid; it was because he knew that by panicking would only mean a definite death for him, whereas if he stayed calm, there might still be a chance for him to survive the devastating situation. In the end, Armstrong had escaped death’s grasp; he had pushed the bed-rugged plane to a safe height and also had brought it out of enemy territory.He had prevailed with his persistence in believing that he would live, he had also prevailed with his skills of flying and also his calmed thinking, which was the most essential part of his escaping the â€Å"Road of Trials† alive. With the reputation of an ace fighter who received a Korean Service Met al, and an air metal with two gold stars, Neil Armstrong was later chosen to be on the team of the first men to step foot on the moon. That was the journey that he took to which we can all relate to his name Neil A.Armstrong, for he was the first of our kind to set foot on the moon. To us, his journey to the moon had seemed peaceful, undisturbed, and trouble free, as if everything was going according to plan. No, that is what you are meant to see, in order to not create a world-wide panic. The true story is, after entering the orbit of the moon, the astronauts discovered that the face of the moon was dotted with craters some the size of ten football fields. The problem was apparent to the astronauts, the landing module the Eagle could not land at the scheduled set-down spot.Buzz and Collins were holding their breath, both very tense, but Armstrong was acting entirely different, he shut down all the disabled computers, switched the ship into manual mode, and started to scan the face of the moon for a safe landing spot. He searched carefully, no signs of panic showed on his face. If he didn’t find a place for them to land, the fuel for the return trip to Columbia would be impossible, which would mean tragic deaths for the three astronauts in outer space.Armstrong worked without blinking; if he had panicked then, their mission would be a failure and they would have to either return home empty handed or die there in the emptiness of the vast universe. Minutes passed, but Armstrong did not give up. In the end, his persistence paid off for he had spotted a safe place to land their landing module. Inside Armstrong, it was another story. Fear that was plain shown on others faces were trying to disturb his thinking. He would not let that happen, for that would put him and his companions in danger.This was the internal obstacle that he had to overcome. He had to take control of his fears, and it was this control that made him different than others, that made him a hero. What happened afterwards we all know by heart, the moment his foot touched the soft moon dust, he spoke to the world, making the unforgettable and significant speech â€Å"One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind†, this was the â€Å"Ultimate Boon† of the journey that we were waiting for, for he had achieved his goal of his quest.This was the climax of the journey where all the practice had paid off; this was the moment when the hero gloried in the success of the journey. Armstrong’s improvising skills was most relevant throughout his journey. His entire career was full of surprises such as, machinery failure, computer shut-down and the fuel usage drained. These were both surprises and problems he had to deal with; at times he had to be on top of them within a few minutes for they were life-threatening matters.Faced with these problems, others might have only knelt down on their knees to pray asking god to give them a miracle but Armstrong take s things into his own hands; he thinks of ways around the problem even without the right tools or professional help he improvises. This is a remarkable gift and one of the best traits of Neil A. Armstrong because heroes will most definitely have to encounter difficulties along his/her journey, and if they know improvisation, then he/her will be able to solve the problem in their own way.Also, Armstrong has assurance in himself, confidence in his companions and the trusts he has for the scientists of NASA; therefore meaning that his life is in the hands of the scientists. Armstrong is very confident in his own skills, and he has always known that his journey to the moon would be a success. He had no second thoughts regarding failure, which is another way of showing trust in the people who work together to make this journey possible. Self-confidence is very important for a hero, for it enables him to stand tall against obstacles, and not shrink away.If Armstrong did not believe in him self, then the mission would have most definitely failed. For Armstrong, his courage gained him the strength to try the untried, and achieve the impossible. (Too much repetition of trust and confidence) Also, Armstrong’s persistence shone as a light throughout his journey. Starting in high school and all throughout his life, his persistence on achieving his dreams never faltered; during the flight to the moon, his persevering philosophy of, â€Å"trying without blinking† had found a safe spot to land on the moon for him and his colleagues.Without determination, Armstrong never would have gone this far. Thus was a hero of all times, a hero who is kind, smart, confident, a hero who had dreams, and was not afraid to chase after them; a hero who outdid every person on the planet, a hero who achieved the impossible, a hero that shall live on in our hearts. (a bit dramatic especially the â€Å"outdid every person on the planet†) His persistence to pursue his dreams we shall imitate, his contribution to society and the world we shall follow suit. We shall always have a part left out in our hearts, to honor our hero, Neil A. Armstrong. Neil Armstrong Neil Armstrong lied about the famous â€Å"one small step for man† words he spoke as he became the first man to take a step on the moon, according to new claims by his brother. The astronaut had always insisted that he had not planned those historic words in advance. However, in a recent interview, his brother has insisted that Armstrong came up with the words months prior to the Apollo mission in July 1969. He also has claimed that the original phrase did include the word â€Å"a† as Armstrong had so strongly insisted when he was alive. Armstrong, who died in September, was heard by millions of people around the world as he said the now iconic phrase: â€Å"That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind. † The astronaut had insisted upon his return to Earth that he had said â€Å"a man† but that the â€Å"a† had not been heard due to static as his voice was transmitted over hundreds of thousands of miles away. Dean Armstrong, brother of Neil, has given a rare interview to the BBC just three months after his brother's death. In the interview Dean claims to recall Neil showing him a written version of the now-historical phrase months before the Apollo 11 mission launched. He insists that the phrase shown to him by Neil was: â€Å"That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind. † Dean's new claims contradict Neil's own version of events. Neil Armstrong had always insisted that he had thought of the famous phrase after landing on the moon. Follow us A BBC documentary that interviewed Dean has explained how the brothers were playing a game of Risk together when Neil handed his sibling a small piece of paper with the legendary words on them. The documentary is called â€Å"Neil Armstrong: First Man on the Moon† and explains Dean's assertion that his brother handed him the paper asking him, â€Å"What do you think about that? † Dean claims he responded, â€Å"Fabulous. † In one of the most heralded biographies of the Apollo mission, â€Å"A Man on the Moon,† by Andre Chaikin, it was claimed that as the mission prepared to launch, Neil was bombarded with proposals about what he should say if they made it to the moon. Many suggested Bible passages, and others suggested iconic quotes from Shakespeare plays. In that biography, Chaikin suggests that Armstrong did not know what he was going to say until the Eagle lunar landed at Tranquility Base. However, brother Dean has now cast fresh doubts on whether Neil had planned what to say all along. Whether Armstrong did indeed say â€Å"a man† is still hotly debated. Although just six years ago in 2006, a computer analysis of the voice recording found evidence that Armstrong's assertions that he said â€Å"a† were correct even though it cannot be heard by the naked ear. Australian computer programmer, Peter Shann Ford, claims that a software analysis picked up a sound wave at the crucial moment in Neil Armstrong's speech that potentially would have been the â€Å"a. † NASA spokesman Michael Cabbage has previously supported Armstrong: â€Å"If Neil Armstrong says there was an ‘a' then as far as we're concerned, there was ‘a'. † Here is a video of the moon landing and those famous words:

Eddie Carbone Essay

Eddie Carbone is a hard working, caring man but he is also jealous, over-protective and he exaggerates the idea of honour and masculinity which result into his own downfall. He is presented to the audience in contrast when he meets Alfieri compared to in his own house. However still the audience can manage to portray Eddie’s character by the way he talks, how others react to him and how the stage directions enhance his own actions. Eddie’s irrational and stereotyping nature can be seen along with his characteristic of respecting others and also honour. When Eddie is sitting beside the desk with his â€Å"(cap in hand)† it can be seen that he has a lot of respect for Alfieri. This trait appeals to the audience that he is not all a bad person and that he does have some good qualities within him. This comes important throughout the play because Miller has had to portray every character with some empathy from the audience otherwise there will be no reason to follow this character. Also, he takes honour very seriously and this can be seen when he tells Catherine the Vinny Bolzano story. This can be applied where Eddie is talking to Alfieri as well. For example, when Eddie is trying to explain to Alfieri the kind of person Rodolfo is, he â€Å"(takes a breath and glances briefly over each shoulder)†. This tells us as the audience that he needs to keep things confidential otherwise if this is out into the public, people may already suspect of him doing any wrongdoings later, like snitching. Eddie’s talks can only go as far as speculative and irrational. He cannot back up anything he says substantially. He makes Rodolfo seem homosexual by, â€Å"He ain’t right† and â€Å"If you came in the house and you didn’t know who was singing you wouldn’t be lookin’ for him, you would be lookin’ for her†. This shows us that he lacks in articulation and he can’t get his words right when he wants to prove something. This gives a strong sense of desperateness from Eddie and that he really wants Alfieri to do something about it. Because Eddie is hot tempered, he needs to be calmed down and Alfieri tries explaining to Eddie about Rodolfo. This is done through God by saying, â€Å"God mixes up the people†. Since Eddie is from an Italian background he would have strong religious beliefs as well. Therefore, Alfieri finds it easy to go past Eddie from religion’s point of view. However, Eddie replies back â€Å"(sardonically)† showing the audience that Eddie does not want to listen to anyone and that his stubbornness takes over his mind. Alfieri tells him there is no law on his side, and that he understands how Eddie feels, but he has to let Catherine go â€Å"sometimes there is too much love for the niece† but this makes Eddie angry – â€Å"a son-of-a-bitch punk like that†¦ I give him my house to sleep! I take the blankets off my bed for him, and he takes and puts his filthy hands on her like a goddam thief! † This use of strong language indicates Eddie’s belligerent character. He is verbally-limited so he uses strong language and this soon comes out into actions when he can’t express what he wants to say verbally. He wants to do everything physically which is his masculine attribute. This is very significant as it is the first time Eddie has let his true feelings known, and his raw emotion shows through, illuminating the flaw he retains.

How Does Elizabeth Gaskell Create an Effective Ghost Story?

Elizabeth Gaskell wrote this short story in 1852. It is based on revenge within a wealthy family. It is a ghost story where death plays a significant part. The choice of story teller really makes this 19th century story work. The nurse who tells this story in first person perspective tells us how her early life comes to a halt when picked out to look after Miss Rosamond the cousin of a lord. The tone of this story is very natural, honest, genuine and believable and adds certain freshness. At the start it is a very slow build up. She relates to the reader by expressing her fears truly, she's an outsider the same as the reader and we know this because she has no relation to this family. She also makes it very realistic and with no resistance. The impact of the setting is effective as the house is in the middle of no where, isolated and lonely. There are some safe areas in the house e. g. the kitchen, drawing room, nursery where there's a sense of warmth but all together over whelming because of the size of the house. The writer describes the sounds and sights of this place and compares to where she used to live. There were oak trees â€Å"white and peeled with age† from this extract you can tell this place is very old and adds effectiveness to this description. â€Å"Branches dragged the wall† from this we realise this house isn't looked after appropriately and in windy weather the characters would hear scraping against the wall which adds a sensation of mystery in the story. The east wing adds creepiness as no-one is allowed in there. It's like a taboo and no-one knows what the room even looks like. â€Å"Except the east wing which was never opened† which suggests that some one keeps it locked to try to hide or forget about something. The way tension is built up through out the story adds to the feeling of unease. The organ begins this disturbing atmosphere when the weather isn't good â€Å"someone â€Å"plays on the old organ but when Hester goes to look it's broken. This adds apprehension. Rosamond's mother dying very early in the story adds tension and suspense from the start. You are anxious to know is going to happen to Rosamond as she is so young. The writer adds thought to our minds while questioned with this. Tense and edgy is what we fell when the characters in the story only tell us a small part of the whole story and keeps the reader in need of more. When Dorothy reveals â€Å"If I show you, you must never let on† to Hester she firstly learns about Miss Graces' sister having her portrait turned to face the wall. Automatically the reader is wondering why this family has done such a thing. The use made of the ghosts in the story makes you have all different kinds of perspectives towards them. The ghost of the old Lord Furnivall very sinfully pounds of the organ on nights with severe weather conditions. â€Å"He played more and more stormily and sadly on the great organ† This suggests that the playing of the organ grew stronger and louder as the weather got more unpleasant as they grew quickly into winter. When Hester confronted the staff about these incidents they all alleged that they hadn't heard it or held the wind responsible. The danger the phantom child brought was far worse than the old Lords. â€Å"I could not choose but to go† Rosamond explained to Hester which says that the Phantom child has a power of Rosamond to make her pursue her to her mother up at the fells, where she would meet her death, but not only do they have a power over Rosamond they also have a power over Miss Furnivall. â€Å"Miss Furnivall shivered and shook so much† this makes the reader think why she is doing this and why she is so worried and scared. The ghosts are trying to achieve revenge on the family by killing Rosamond as the old Lord and Miss Furnivall killed them. Also before the ghosts come the atmosphere would change dramatically. â€Å"It grew dusk indoors† from this we can tell that the ghosts have immense power to turn the inside of the house dark while outside it is light and this is another fact of when the ghosts come the environment changes The use made of the family history is explaining the background this family has came from. The family history captures the mystery as the still don't give you the story intact just little tasters to keep the reader interested and always wanting more. You find out why the ghosts are there after everything is told to Hester and are there because when alive were thrown out of the manor when Lord Furnivall found out that Miss Maude the elder sister of the two had a child and was married to a musician that Lord Furnivall invited to his house every year but for musical purposes only, also he thought no man was good enough for his daughters which made him more angry. The building up throughout the story gives this story great potential and promise to have a superior impact at the end. For example the violence in this story in one way is especially exciting and open. Its exciting by making us the reader anxious of the intensity Elizabeth Gaskell goes to to put the message across. She is very open because she initially doesn't make it known to Hester that there is a chilling secret to this household and all of a sudden it comes out as if she cant keep it back any longer but all the way through she gives clues about it. Dorothy's coloured changed once or twice† This tells us that Dorothy knew everything that had happened but either couldn't say or didn't want to bring back such bad memories. The images in this story are very obvious and the writer has described them unmistakably throughout the story which gives the reader a clear picture in their minds. One example from the book is â€Å"the vast heath-place which gave out no heat† This description makes the reader realise that this was not real but just a re-enactment of something which took place a long time ago. Ending on a moral gives the reader an opportunity to think about things they have done in the past and involves them so then they relate to the book, and that gives the book an exceptionally good end. The moral â€Å"What is done in youth can never been undone in age† concludes this 19th century story splendidly. Miss Furnivall mutters these words on her death bed which intensifies the whole story even though the climatic part is over and all together adds great effect. Ghost stories aren't my favourite genre but I still appreciate them greatly!

Monster: Literary Technique and Major Characters Essay

1. Title of the book: The title of the book is Monster. 2. Author’s name: The author of the book is Walter Dean Myers. 3. The year the piece was written: Monster was written in 1999 and published by HarperCollins. 4. Major Characters: The major characters of the story are; Steve Harmon, Kathy O’Brien, and Sandra Petrocelli. 5. Setting(s) of the story: The two settings are: The Detention Center and the Courthouse. Both of these settings are in downtown New York, and events and ideas from one setting transfer to the other. 6.Positive/Negative: In Monster, Sandra Petrocelli is considered or portrayed as negative due to her reasoning and her actions. One example of the negativity of Petrocelli is on page 21 when she refers to both Steve Harmon and James King as â€Å"monsters†. Another way she is portrayed as negative is through the many people she brings to the stand. She attempts to relate the already convicted felons with the innocent-until-proven-guilty James King and Steve Harmon. 7. Literary Techniques: 1. One literary technique used in Monster is foreshadowing. When Steve  says that prison is â€Å"being alone when you are not really alone and about being scared all the time† at the beginning of the story (page 4), it foreshadows the horrible emotional state he will live through both during the trial and even after it’s over. 2. Another literary technique is symbolism, also in the beginning of the book (page 7). Steve uses the blanket to symbolize comfort and safety from the trial and the decision of the jury. His inmate says: â€Å"Ain’t no use putting the blanket over your head, man. You can’t cut this out; this is reality. This is the real deal. † This makes him realize how serious his case is, and as a young man, he does not feel ready to give up his adolescence and his innocence. 3. The last literary technique is a metaphor, and is found right before he jury reaches a verdict (page 269). Myers uses a metaphor in showing Steve’s emotions by writing: â€Å"My case fills me†. In reality, it would mean that he is literally filled by his case, but that isn’t what he means. He means that his case is all that he thinks about: that there are no thoughts or feelings inside of him that do not pertain to his case. 8. Theme Statement: The theme statement of Monster is: Never judge a book by its cover, because it may not fully grasp the message of the content inside. 9. Personal Response: A connection I can make between the text and my own life is that I sometimes befriend someone who is not a perfect role model. I often get judged by who I hang out with and the things that those people do and say. This is how Steve is viewed during the case due to the fact that he knows James King and several other people that Sandra Petrocelli (Assistant District Attorney) calls to the stand. 10. Memorable Quotes: 1.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Most people in our community are decent, hardworking citizens who pursue their own interests legally and without infringing on the rights of others. But there are also monsters in our communities-people who are willing to steal and kill, people who disregard the rights of others. † This quote was said by Sandra Petrocelli (Prosecutor) and was directed towards the jury as part of her opening statement. This quote is significant in several ways, the first being the impact it had on Steve Harmon and his â€Å"movie†: Monster. Another way it was significant was through the minds of the jurors. It was significant because she attempted to isolate them from other people as an effect of their alleged prosecutions; despite the fact that they are innocent until proven guilty. 2. â€Å"I wish Jerry were here. Not in jail, but somehow with me. What would I say to him? Think about all the tomorrows of your life. Yes, that’s would I would say. Think about all the tomorrows of your life. † This quote was written down by Steve inside of his journal. He is debating what he would say to his younger brother Jerry if he was there with him. It is immensely significant due to the fact that he is writing down the advice he wished he had taken himself. He is finally starting to realize that his life (or most of it) may be spent in jail, and he is trying to keep that from happening to his brother. 3. â€Å"They take away your shoelaces and your belt so you can’t kill yourself no matter how bad it is. I guess making you live is part of the punishment. † This quote was written down in his journal as part of his â€Å"movie†. In this part of the story, he is yet to realize the severity of his case and the effect it could have on his life. It is significant because it shows how oblivious he is to what could actually happen to him.

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 28

Case Study - Essay Example 3. The amount deducted each year towards depreciation on the machine is the income source from which the cost of lease is recovered. Therefore, the term of lease is equal to the period in which the value of the machine becomes zero. Minimum lease payment made on each due date is inclusive of principal as well as interest. Interest, is calculated, with respect to the diminishing balance of debt, at the same fixed rate as that at which minimum lease payment was discounted. Expenditure incurred under such costs as insurance, maintenance and taxes is shown under appropriate head in accrual or deferral accounts. In the balance sheet, the asset figures as a fixed asset with a title like ‘Leased Equipment under Capital Lease’. An equivalent liability, by way of the amount paid towards lease, is projected with a title like ‘Lease Liability’. Amount paid on the principal in the following year falls under the current part of the liability and the rest under the non-current part. 4. The present value of liability should eventually equal the aggregate of minimum lease payments projected by the lessee in the balance sheets during the following five (or less as the case may be) financial years from the time the lease agreement is enforced. 1. For Breton, the lessor, the lease arrangement is of direct financing nature. In the transaction, there is no mention of any such thing as dealer’s profit or manufacturer’s profit. Discounted present value of minimum lease payment is more than 90 per cent of the asset value at the time of commencement of lease. No problems are predicted in connection with the collectability of minimum lease payments. Nor are there any dead costs deemed to have to be borne by the lessor. 2. It is mandatory for Breton, the lessor, to document a ‘Lease Receivable’. The present value of minimum lease payments as well as the present

Terms and angles of vision Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Terms and angles of vision - Essay Example Another instance is where corporations are identified as prioritizing their profits, shareholders, and CEO bonuses and salaries at the expense of the country and its workers (Johnson 74). In this case, the power of corporate rule has allowed corporations to move their plants to countries that have cheaper labor and less stringent laws and regulations. Indeed, the writer’s view is that corporations are self-perpetuating, especially as big money from these corporations enables them to buy lobbyists, political support, and favorable laws, tax codes, and policies (Johnson 74). A third instance in which the writer’s view is directed towards the concept of â€Å"corporate rule† is on the point of skyrocketing health costs, which are attributed to American pharmaceutical corporations, which have managed to influence laws that prohibit US citizens from purchasing foreign-made, lower-priced medicines despite the presence of free trade policies. This point of view shows how corporations have taken advantage of globalization and free trade to become the new â€Å"central economy†, in which they have unequal influence on the economy of the US and, indeed, developing countries across the world (Johnson 92).Thus, the writer argues from an angle of vision that corporate rule is bad for the American and global economy and should be